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catti二级口译试题及解析
The expansion of the universities since the beginning of World War II and the great increase in number of college graduates and ph. Ds have produced a corps of technicians, aides, speechwriters, symbol manufactures, investigators, and policy proposers who are now employed by practical men in all institutions. These people, called intellectuals in the sense that they deal with symbols and ideas, have become professionalized in exactly the same sense as the engineer. Unlike the engineer, however, these professional intellectuals are free from much of the routine grind of daily work: they carry light teaching load and enjoy government and foundation grants and subsidies for their research.
The professor’s project budget is the initial economic base that supports his independence within the university. The project budget sustains both the existence of graduate students and the fiscal solvency of the university, which takes a percentage “overhead” out of every project budget. The major feature of project money, whether its source is government or business, is that it is given on a contractual basis, a different contract for each project, so that the investigator’s independence rests upon his capacity to secure a succession of contracts. The ability to secure contracts is a genuine talent among professional intellectuals.
第二次世界大战以来，大学的数目不断增长，本科、甚至是博士毕业生也与日俱增，从而诞生了大批的技术人员、助手、演讲稿撰写人、徽章生产商、调查人员和政策研究员，他们效力于各类务实的研究所中。 这些人员主要解决符号和概念问题，与工程师几乎一样高度专业化，所以人们把它们称为知识分子。然而这些人员与工程师还有所不同——他们不需从事繁重的日常例行工作，仅承担少量教学工作，同时享受政府研究津贴或补贴。
教授项目预算是其最初的经济基础，使得教师得以在大学里保持独立。研究生是否存在，大学是否存在资金偿还能力，这些都取决于项目预算。大学的资金偿还在整个项目预算中占有重要比例。无论来自于政府或商界，项目资金的重要特点是其建立在契约上，即不同的项目可以争取相同的项目资金，因此调研人员要取得独立，就必须得到连续的研究项目。 获得研究项目是知识分子的一种真正才能。
分析：
①⑵ The expansion of the universities ⑴ since the beginning of World War II and ⑶ the great increase in
number of college graduates and ph. Ds have produced a corps of technicians, aides, speechwriters,
symbol manufactures, investigators, and policy proposers ⑷ (who are now employed by
practical men in all institutions).
▲ 第二次世界大战以来，大学的数目不断增长，本科、甚至是博士毕业生也与日俱增，从而诞生了大批的
技术人员、助手、演讲稿撰写人、徽章生产商、调查人员和政策研究员，他们效力于各类务实的研究所中。
转性译法：名词 → 动词 expansion→ 不断增长 increase→ 与日俱增
换序译法：翻译顺序：⑴⑵⑶⑷
意译： produce→ 生产(直译)
→ 诞生(意译)
a corps of→ 团体共同行动或共同指挥下的一伙人(直译)
→ 大批的(意译)
corps 的含义： a body of persons acting together or associated under common direction eg. the
press corps 记者团
难词的翻译：这里从 technician 到 policy proposers 共六个单词都不是很好翻译，考生请注意平时
的积累。
定语从句的翻译：重复法
转态译法：被主交换： who are now employed→ 效力于
省词译法： who are now employed by practical men in all institutions 这句中 practical man 解释为
“实干家”，但整句翻译成“他们被各类研究所里的实干家雇佣”，略显累赘，因此可以把 man 在翻译
中省略，译成“他们效力于各类务实的研究所中”即可。
②⑷ These people, called intellectuals in the sense that ⑴ they deal with symbols and ideas, ⑶ have
become professionalized ⑵ in exactly the same sense as the engineer.
▲ 这些人员主要解决符号和概念问题，与工程师几乎一样高度专业化，所以人们把它们称为知识分子。
in the/a sense 解释为“在某种意义上”。如： What you’ve said is in the sense a great insult to his
dignity. → 你的话语在某种程度上对他的尊严是一种侮辱。
意译： deal with→ 对付;处理(直译)
→ 解决(意译)
具体译法：加字法： symbols and ideas→ 符号和概念问题问
换序译法：翻译顺序：⑴⑵⑶⑷
比较级的翻译： exactly the same sense as the engineer→ 与工程师几乎一样一
转态翻译：被主交换： called intellectuals→ 人们把它们称为知识分子
③ Unlike the engineer, however, these professional intellectuals are free from much of the routine
grind of daily work: they carry light teaching load and enjoy government and foundation grants and
subsidies for their research.
▲ 然而这些人员与工程师还有所不同——他们不需从事繁重的日常例行工作，仅承担少量教学工作，同时
享受政府研究津贴或补贴。
正反译法： free from→ 不需
转性译法：形容词 → 动词 free from→ 不需从事
名词 → 形容词 grind→ 繁重的
grind (noun): a laborious task, routine, or study 苦力，苦差费力的任务、日常工作或学习：
light: easy to carry out or perform
eg. Since her accident, she can only do light work.
④ The professor’s project budget is the initial economic base (that supports his independence within
the university).
▲ 教授项目预算是其最初的经济基础，使得教师得以在大学里保持独立。
定语从句的翻译：省略法
⑤ The project budget sustains both the existence of graduate students and the fiscal solvency of the
university, (which takes a percentage “overhead” out of every project budget).
▲ 研究生是否存在，大学是否存在资金偿还能力，这些都取决于项目预算。大学的资金偿还在整个项目预
算中占有重要比例。考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
意译： sustain: maintain; keep the existence of→ 维持。由于“维持”后的宾语较长，可以先把宾语
译出，把“项目预算”作为宾语，用谓语“取决于”连接，句子就比较平衡。
转性译法：名词 → 动词 existence→ 存在
意译： overhead→ 上面的;经常的(直译)
→ 重要的(意译)
定语从句的翻译：重复法
⑥ The major feature of project money, whether its source is government or business, is that it is given on
a contractual basis, a different contract for each project, so that the investigator’s independence
rests upon his capacity to secure a succession of contracts.
▲ 无论来自于政府或商界，项目资金的重要特点是其建立在契约上，即不同的项目可以争取相同的项目资
金，因此调研人员要取得独立，就必须得到连续的研究项目。
转性译法：形容词 → 名词 contractual→ 契约
介词 → 动词 for→ 争取
具体译法：加字法： project→ 项目资金资
意译： contract→ 合同(直译)
→ 项目;研究项目(意译)
secure→ 保护(直译)
→ 得到(意译)
rest upon→ 建立在 …… 的基础上(直译)
→ 必须(意译)
so that 的翻译：表示结果
so that 和 so…that… 在翻译中一般不是表示“目的”，就是表示“结果”。前者可以翻译成“以此”，后
者可翻译成“从而”，不过有时两者的区别并不明显。如：
She worked hard so that everything would be ready before 5 o’clock. (目的)
Nothing was heard from him so that we began to wonder if he was dead. (结果)
⑦ The ability to secure contracts is a genuine talent among professional intellectuals.
▲ 获得研究项目是知识分子的一种真正才能。
catti二级口译试题及解析
经过二十多年的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定了一定的物质技术基础，社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善，为西部经济持续快速增长创造了有利的市场环境。中国政府坚持实行以扩大内需为主的发展方针，并把扩大内需与调整经济结构，推动科技进步，促进对外开放结合起来。随着西部大开发战略的稳步推进，西部地区的资源优势，经济优势将得到充分发挥，经济增长的质量和水平将进一步提高。
Thanks to the rapid (economic) development in the past 20-plus years, a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology was laid in the western region of China. With the society enjoying a rather satisfactory stability, and the market economy system being established and improved on a daily basis, providing a favourable market environment for the western region to maintain the sustained and rapid economic growth. While focusing on its policy of expanding the western region, the Chinese government also attaches rather great importance to the restructuring of the economy, the promotion of the scentific and technological development, the deepening of the opening-up policy as well. With the stable advance in the development of the western region, the advantages of the region in resources and economy will be given full play, thus further improving the quality and standard of the economic growth.
分析
① 经过二十多年二十多 的快速发展，中国西部地区已奠定奠 了一定的物质技术基础。
▲ Thanks to the rapid (economic) development in the past 20-plus years, a relatively solid foundation in terms of material wealth and technology was laid in the western region of China.转态译法：主被交换
意译：经过 二十多年的快速发展 →Having experienced the rapid development for more than 20/a
score years (直译)，这种译法夜课，而且更易为广大考生所接受，不过后面的逻辑主语必须是“中国西部地区”，因此后面可以译成 the western region of China has witnessed a relatively solid
foundation in terms of material wealth and technology ，各原译文相比，意思有些改变，因此最好的方式是把“经过”处理成“由于”的意思，而主句使用被动语态。
② 社会保持稳定，市场经济体制正在逐步逐 建立和完善，为西部经济持续持 快速增长创造了有利有 的市场环境。
▲ With the society enjoying a rather satisfactory stability, and the market economy system being
established and improved on a daily basis, providing a favourable market environment for the western
region to maintain the sustained and rapid economic growth.
转态译法：省略被动词： 市场经济体制正在逐步建立和完善 →the market economy system being，考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
established and improved on a daily basis
增词译法： 保持稳定 →enjoying a rather satisfactory stability
为西部经济持续快速增长 →for the western region to maintain the sustained and
rapid economic growth
分词短语的译法
③ 中国政府坚持实行坚持实 以扩大内需内 为主的发展方针，并把扩大内需与调整调 经济结构结 ，推动科技进步，促进对
外开放结合起来。
▲ While focusing on its policy of expanding the western region, the Chinese government also attaches
rather great importance to the restructuring of the economy, the promotion of the scentific and
technological development, the deepening of the opening-up policy as well.
转性译法：名词 → 形容词 科技 →scientific and technological
动词 → 名词
调整 →restructuring
推动 →promotion
促进 →deepening
④ 随着西部大开发战略的稳步推进，西部地区的资源优势，经济优势将得到充分发挥得到充分发 ，经济增长的质量和水平将进一步提高。
▲ With the stable advance in the development of the western region, the advantages of the region in resources and economy will be given full play, thus further improving the quality and standard of the economic growth.
catti二级口译试题及解析
重要时刻开新局，勠力同心谱新篇
Work Together at the Crucial Moment to Open up a New Chapter
驻苏丹大使马新民在苏青年外交官赴华研修团送行招待会上的讲话
Remarks Made by Ambassador Ma Xinmin at the Farewell Party for the Delegation of Young Diplomats from Sudan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs to Receive Studies and Training in China
2019年7月29日
29 July 2019
尊敬的苏丹外交部培训与能力建设司司长苏莱曼阁下，
尊敬的苏丹外交部中国司司长奥马尔阁下，
各位苏丹外交部的青年朋友们：
Your Excellency Mr. Suliman, Head of the Department of Training and Capacity Building of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sudan,
Your Excellency Mr. Omar, Head of the Department of China Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sudan,
and dear young friends from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Sudan,
大家晚上好!今晚我们欢聚一堂，为各位苏丹外交部同事赴华研修送行。首先我谨代表中国驻苏丹使馆全体同事，热烈欢迎大家来作客，祝愿大家北京之行顺利愉快，相信大家一定会乘兴而去，满载而归。考生如果怕自己错过考试报名时间和考试时间的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
Good evening! We are gathered here tonight to give a send-off to the colleagues from Sudan’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs who will head to China for studies and training. First of all, on behalf of all functionaries of the Chinese Embassy in Sudan, I would like to extend a warm welcome to all of you here and wish you a comfortable and pleasant trip in Beijing. I am confident that everyone will set out cheerfully and come back with fruitful results.
大家此行适逢非常之时，意义重大。
Your visit is of great significance as it comes at an unusual moment.
大家此行适逢世界正面临百年未有之大变局的重要时刻。以中国为代表的发展中国家群体性崛起，有力推动国际力量对比朝着均衡化和多极化的方向演进。但当前单边主义、保护主义和霸凌行径不断抬头，特别是美国单方面挑起对华贸易战，旨在遏制中国的崛起和发展，违反国际规则，破坏国际贸易秩序，拖累全球经济增长。对于贸易战，中国不愿打，不怕打，必要时也不得不打，中美经贸合作的本质是互利双赢，中方始终坚持平等对话协商是解决问题的唯一正确选择。
Your visit comes in a crucial period when our world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century. The rise of a group of developing countries represented by China has effectively pushed forward the development of the global power structure toward equilibrium and multipolarity. However, unilateralism, trade protectionism and bullying behaviors are currently on the rise, in particular the trade war unilaterally triggered by the US side to contain China’s rise and development, which violates the international rules, disrupting the international trade order and exerting a drag on global economic growth. China does not want a trade war, but is not afraid of one and will fight one if necessary. The essence of China-US economic and trade cooperation is mutual benefit and win-win cooperation. The Chinese government insists that dialogue on an equal footing is the only way to solve problems.
面对大变局，中方始终坚持多边主义和国际公平正义，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，维护以国际法为基础的国际秩序，维护以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体系。中方愿与包括苏丹在内的广大发展中国家同舟共济、凝心聚力，维护共同利益和发展空间，为推动构建人类命运共同体谱写团结协作、互利共赢的新篇章。
Facing the profound changes, China will remain committed to multilateralism and international equity and justice, firmly uphold the international system centered around the United Nations, maintain the international order based on international laws, and safeguard the multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core. China stands ready to work together with a vast number of developing countries, including Sudan, to safeguard common interests and development space and open a new chapter for unity, cooperation and mutual benefit in building a community with shared future for mankind.
大家此行适逢苏丹正面临30年未有之大变局的重要时刻。但无论局势如何变化，苏丹作为中国在西亚非洲地区重要战略合作伙伴和“一带一路”重要沿线国家的地位不会改变，中苏人民历久弥坚的传统友谊和扎实深入的合作大局不会改变。两国始终是风雨同舟的好朋友、休戚与共的好伙伴、肝胆相照的好兄弟。
Your visit comes at this vital moment when Sudan is undergoing profound changes unseen in three decades. Sudan’s role as China’s major strategic partner in West Asia and Africa and also one of key countries along the route of Belt and Road Initiative will remain unchanged, no matter how the situation may change. The longstanding traditional friendship between the two peoples and the solid and in-depth cooperation between our two countries will continue. China and Sudan are always good friends that stand by each other regardless of hardships, close partners that share joys and sorrows, and also good brothers that are reliable and sincere to each other.
新形势下，我们希望中苏两国战略合作关系能够实现平稳过渡并迈上新台阶，希望双方各层级交往更加密切，政治互信更加牢固，互利务实合作更加广泛，人文交流更加深入，在合作交流中扩大共同利益，实现利益与机遇共享，让中苏关系更好惠及两国和两国人民。
Under the new situation, China hopes the strategic partnership between China and Sudan may secure a smooth transition and advance to a higher level. Both sides should promote closer exchanges at all levels, stronger political mutual trust, wider mutually-beneficial and pragmatic cooperation, and deeper people-to-people exchanges to realize the shared interests and opportunities in our cooperation and exchanges and enable the China-Sudan relations to bring more benefits to our two countries and the two peoples.
大家此行适逢中苏建交60周年的重要时刻。中方愿将“一带一路”倡议、中非合作论坛北京峰会“八大行动”与苏丹国家发展战略对接，加强双方治国理政经验交流分享，推动两国务实合作取得更多新成果，确保合作的可持续和高质量，助力苏丹自主发展，实现两国互利共赢。在座各位作为中苏友好合作关系的参与者、践行者和维护者，相信一定会为中苏友好的下一个60年添砖加瓦、增光添彩。
Your visit comes in an important year marking the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Sudan. China is willing to align the Belt and Road Initiative and the Eight Major Initiatives proposed at the FOCAC Beijing Summit with national development strategies of Sudan, and is committed to enhancing experience sharing on state governance, pushing for more achievements through our practical cooperation and ensuring our cooperation is sustainable and of high quality, in hopes to assist Sudan in pursuing independent development and achieve win-win results. I am convinced that all of you will make your contributions to China-Sudan friendship in the next six decades, as all of you are parties participating in, practicing and safeguarding the amicable partnership between our two nations.
大家此行适逢中华人民共和国成立70周年的重要时刻。相信各位将亲眼目睹新中国成立70年来的伟大成就，了解学习中国共产党和中国政府的治国理政经验，体验中国文化的多姿多彩，感受中国人民的热情善良。相信大家一定会不虚此行，收获满满。
Your visit comes this year marking the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. I am sure that you will see with your own eyes the significant achievements the new China has made in the past seven decades after its founding, learn about the experience in state governance gained by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese government, experience the diversity of Chinese culture, and feel the hospitality and kindness of Chinese people. I am confident your visit will be fruitful and successful.
最后祝愿大家度过美好的夜晚!
In conclusion, I wish all of you a pleasant evening!
谢谢大家!
Thank you!
